Paid News In India The Cases And Issues Media Essay

Paid News In India The Cases And Issues Media Essay This examination plans to lead an investigation on media morals and obligation in India as respects paid news. One of the principle destinations of the examination is to recognize and fundamentally talk about the instances of different types of paid news explicitly the training paid news during races. Accordingly, in this piece of the paper an endeavor is made recognize and basically examine the instances of different types of paid news explicitly the training paid news during decisions. The significant instances of paid news are talked about in the types of the instance of Maharashtra Assembly decisions in 2009, the instance of Commonwealth Games and the disclosures of Radia tapes. THE CASES and ISSUES In the current day, having populace of in excess of billion India props up pretty much 70 thousand enlisted papers and in excess of 450 TV slots including various 247 news channels. Overall, the Indian media for the most part fills the role of productive resistance in the Parliament with that of in various Legislative Assemblies of the State. Media people and especially papers writers are recognized and regarded as the ethical guide in the Indian culture on the loose. While the papers in Europe and America are trailing their course yearly, the Indian print media is even this day going more grounded with huge flow number and market roads. All the more critically in Indian majority rule government, the media carries on to be commended as the fourth indispensable column after legal executive, lawmaking body and administration (Thakuria, 2010). In any case, despondently a disease as paid news harmed the picture and dependability of media in the nation, especially in the ongoing years. Th e training that involves money in getting despicably media space by the beneficiaries keeps on being a focal issue in India all through the ongoing past. The caner of paid news is seen as harming the respect and regard of the media prompting people groups diminishing trust in revealed news and the columnists. According to the Eldeman Trust Barometer Survey (2011, refered to from Seetharam, 2011), while the trust in media as a foundation went up by 4 percent all through the world, the comparable parameter for India tumbled from 58 percent to 50 percent. This declining pattern has had been enduring since the time the past three-four years. This pattern highlights the rising trust shortfall of papers and TV news diverts in India. On the off chance that this pattern proceeds, the universe of Indian media won't be celebrated and confided in one. In spite of this, consistently we come to think about enormous embarrassments and deceitful practices as paid news s nexus between media people and legislators, and further between media people and corporate houses. The instance of Radia tape is still in our memory and numerous such cases are disguised in view of the contribution of media people. When media individuals become degenerate, who will reveal the defilement and wrong doings of lawmakers and business houses? The sad circumstance is that regardless of the state of being grave the media all in all is yet to perceive this fiasco of certainty. Rather than assuming the liability, the enormous national media houses and media people hush up satisfied to accuse the language media and different organizations and themselves take up a holier than thou position. The rising emergency is clearly harming the prosperity of Indian majority rule government , where media as fourth mainstay of vote based system is relied upon to assume increasingly capable job. In the event that the deceitful act of paid news proceeds, the trust shortage of papers and TV news diverts in India will quick go up, and it would be nothing to astonish if inside two-three years Eldeman Trust Barometer Survey will come out with the aftereffect of media trust in Indian going down from 50 percent to 25 percent and considerably lesser than that. Off base as of late, especially after the Radia tape case, different driving media people and media houses have shown their anxiety as respects the evil act of paid news, however the pickle is that Indian media is gravely under the hold of paid news culture and so as to uncover the danger of paid news, there is need strike the overall culture of paid news in the predominant press. Paid news are those news or articles in print or electronic media, which highlight ideal circumstance for the association or foundation that has paid for it. On account of paid news, the news comes much as a notice, albeit without the promotion tag. This kind of news has been viewed as a harsh wrongdoing taking into account the way that it deludes the masses, not permitting them perceive that the news really is purposed to commercial. Then again, in such instances of paid news the installment modes by and large challenges charge laws and political race use laws. All the more gravely, it raises constituent i ssue for the explanation that the media has a straight control on voters (Banerjee and Gigani, 2011). The Press Council of India gave core value relevant to both government specialists and the media during the fifteenth General Elections to the Lok Sabha cap occurred in April-May 2009. Guaranteeing free and reasonable inclusion by the media was the reason why Press Council of India gave core value. Nonetheless, ensuing to the decisions, a disturbing pattern was surfaced by the chose divisions of the media, where columnists from different media houses were found getting cash by up-and-comers in political race brawl for positive inclusion or planting paid news (Press Council of India, 2010). This paid news was surfaced at three levels. At the main level, the peruser of the paper or the watcher of the TV programs is deluded into thinking about that what is generally a notice is in purpose of actuality, in equal introduced news reports. At the subsequent level, the act of paid news was surfaced by not definitively saying freely the costs caused on setting paid news things. All things con sidered the competitor in political race conflict resists the Conduct of Election Rules, 1961, which are purposed to be placed into impact by the Election Commission of India underneath the Representation of the People Act, 1951. At the third level , paid news occurring through not representing the wealth got from competitors, the related media houses or their kin as columnists , as they are abusing the arrangements of the Companies Act, 1956 with that of the Income Tax Act, 1961, in doing so(Press Council of India, 2010). A piece of Indian media broadly announced the events of paid during the period fifteenth General Election and in the ensuing occasions. Further articles about paid news rehearses in Indian media also drew the consideration of remote media and outside papers , especially Wall Street Journal , the Guardian and the Independent pointed towards the disturbing circumstance emerging out because of paid news in India media (Thakurta and Reddy, 2010). The truth of the matt er is that the event of paid news has obtained calm degree in the realm of Indian media. These days, it leaves from the deceptive nature of the specific media individual and media house and has ended up being obtrusive, organized and especially arranged, and in this movement it is testing the Indian majority rule esteem. Paid news is presently restricted not exclusively to money installment however different types of favors and acts of neglect. Let us talk about certain cases in such manner. As respects a striking and genuine instance of paid news, the instance of Maharashtra Assembly decisions in 2009 merits referencing. During the appointment of Maharashtra Assembly, Ashok Chavan as competitor utilized the print media in the types of provincial and national papers through giving promotions. The paid reports and publications as ads were distributed with and with no bylines in papers (Lundâ and Thomas, 2012). The issue wasâ exposed byâ a presumed national English every day Hindu that battle notices on the side of Mr. Chavan (who was challenging from Bhokar in the 2009 Assembly survey), were given in Marathi papers, concealing them as news things. The news was accounted for by Rural Affairs proofreader, P. Sainath of Hindu uncovering much as respects the inclusion that occurred pre surveys in Maharashtra. There was a wide-extending inclusion of Mr Chavan who as Chief Minister by the nearby media that involved the biggest coursed Lokmat as well. Amazingly Chavan guaran teed that he had presented the use of those promoting to the District Election Officer , yet the reality was that Mr. Chavan had not referenced the cash spent on such ads in his political decision costs accounts and hence was infringement of Election Commission rules (Balaji, 2012). This was the second degree of paid news as characterized by Election Commission. Maybe it was the main major detailed instance of paid news during decisions. Body of evidence was documented against Mr. Chavan in the court by the up-and-comers and it is as of now in Supreme Court. Surely this case was a reminder for both Election Commission and Indian media, and therefore now during each political decision there are attentive gazes on paid news rehearses by Election Commission and a few segments of media that work morally and capably. In any case, paid news isn't brimming with life every single through political decision in essence. Paid news has too taken the state of secretive agreement where the media firms goes into a concurrence with the associations or corporate houses and cash is are traded for promoting bargains. Various such cases have been found as of late in Indian media. The instance of paid news in Commonwealth Games is too worth referencing. What remarkable is that the articulation paid news doesn't basically connote the news is paid for as cash or money and this was made evident during the Commonwealth Games that was organsed in New Delhi in 2010. It was positively stunning how no paper or media individual expounded on downbeat aspect

Pulmonary Rehabilitation and QoL in Lung Cancer Patients

Pneumonic Rehabilitation and QoL in Lung Cancer Patients Pneumonic REHABILITATION AND QUALITY OF LIFE IN LUNG CANCER PATIENTS (Abstract):The personal satisfaction in patients with lung malignant growth is resolved both by factors identified with the patient (phase of sickness, comorbidities) and the variables identified with treatment (medical procedure, chemotherapy, radiotherapy). Since the effect of treatment on endurance of patients with lung canceris very low, personal satisfaction is an objective progressively significant. As of not long ago, quality oflife was appropriately evaluated in not many investigations and the outcomes can be impacted by the utilization of non-approved strategies. The most usedtools adjusted for estimating the personal satisfaction for lung malignant growth are the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) LC-13 survey, the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT-L) poll and the Lung Cancer Symptom Scale (LCSS). Keywords:LUNG CANCER, QUALITY OF LIFE, REHABILITATION. Lung disease is one of the most widely recognized kinds of malignancy, with a 5-year endurance pace of roughly 15 %. Given the development of long asymptomatic lung malignant growth as opposed to other tumor types, it is frequently analyzed at a propelled stage. Indications incorporate hack, hemoptysis, dyspnea, chest torment, shortcoming, loss of appetite.Therefore, treatment objectives for these patients are alleviation of manifestations and expanded in general endurance [1]. Treatments that improve the endurance rate are frequently joined by serious reactions. Because of the expanding number of elective lines of treatment and treatment, the diminishing contrasts in the clinical adequacy and medication improvement costs, the significance of assessing the parameters of personal satisfaction (QOL) increments both wellbeing and financial reasons. So brief period, the incorporation of these parameters in lung malignant growth clinical preliminaries was commonly ignored [1-3]. During 2001-2011, there were 43 examinations led to quantify wellbeing related personal satisfaction (HRQoL) of patients with lung malignant growth, 27 of which had as fundamental target HRQoL. Most publicationsillustrate the aftereffects of stage III clinical preliminaries, 38 included patients with privately progressed non-little cell lung disease (NSCLC), particularly in stage III/IV, two examinations included patients with little cell lung malignant growth (SCLC) in all stages and three investigations included the two patients with NSCLC and SCLC. Most examinations have researched the effect of platinum based medication blends, 6 examinations have explored the impact of gefitinib and 2 investigations worries of erlotinib. Between the polls used to evaluate personal satisfaction in patients with lung malignancy are referenced survey of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC QLQ C30) survey, Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT G) poll, FACT-L (Lung) poll, Lung Cancer Symptom Scale (LCSS), Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Brief Pain Index (BPI). The most usually utilized is the EORTC QLQ-C30 contains 30 rules, accessible in 60 dialects à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹[4]. Certainty G survey containing 27 physical components, enthusiastic, social, utilitarian, accessible in excess of 50 dialects à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ã£ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹[5] and the FACT-L is reasonable for lung disease and contains 37 things evaluating personal satisfaction [6]. Because of the homogeneity attributes of the patients and treatment regimens, it is beyond the realm of imagination to expect to look at all of the investigations on the HRQoL. Most examinations incorporate looking at changed chemotherapy regimens didn't show critical contrasts in HRQoL between treatment arms [7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14]. Another gathering of studies report mindful presumptions to improve HRQoL [15,16,17]. Just Belani et al. what's more, Reck et al. demonstrates HRQoL predominance of paclitaxel or docetaxel contrasted and vincristine or vinorelbine/cisplatin [18,19]. With respect to inhibitors, Gelibter et al., Mu et al., And Zhang et al. been appeared to improve HRQoL in patients with profoundly progressed NSCLC treated with gefitinib [20,21,22]. Cella et al. what's more, Natale et al. revealed enhancements in HRQoL after organization of gefitinib and correspond these upgrades with tumor reaction [23,24]. As to, Lilenbaum et al. couldn't show noteworthy improvement in movement free endurance, middle endurance and HRQoL contrasted with standard chemotherapy routine [25]. Bezjak et al. HRQoL indicated noteworthy improvement, where erlotinib is controlled in the second line of treatment [26]. LUX-Lung 3 examination directed on a populace of patients with cutting edge NSCLC with EGFR change positive, indicated a phenomenal improvement in disease related side effects and increment personal satisfaction when treated first line with afatinib, an irreversible inhibitor of the ErbB receptor family, contrasted with chemotherapy with pemetrexed and cisplatin, considered the standard of care in this populace of patients with NSCLC [27]. Lung malignant growth or lung metastases regularly have indications for which palliative radiotherapy is powerful [28,29] and improves or keeps up personal satisfaction, for around 33% of influenced patients [30]. There are forty-three examinations that are surveyed in at any rate one arm of the investigation, utilization of palliative thoracic radiotherapy that assessed QOL or manifestations vindication an essential or optional. Thirty examinations have assessed the treatment of patients with NSCLC. Four examinations included patients who were treated with endobronchial brachytherapy alone or in blend with outer radiotherapy. Other nine investigations have assessed the utilization of palliative radiotherapy in patients with lung malignancy other than NSCLC histological sort. Clinical preliminaries that thought about various regimens of palliative radiotherapy fractionation indicated improved personal satisfaction and endurance in patients with great execution status who got high portions of radiation (TD = 30Gy/10fractions/3Gy/part) contrasted and lower dosages (TD = 20Gy/5fractions/4Gy/division, 17Gy/2fractions, 10Gy/1fraction), which are for the most part utilized in patients with diminished execution status and might be scattered between the arrangement of chemotherapy immediately in chemotherapy organization [31,32]. Effect of new radiotherapy strategies (IMRT force regulated radiotherapy, IGRT guided radiotherapy imaging) and PET - CT imaging coordination in the palliative treatment of patients with pneumonic disease isn't unmistakably characterized. Comparative with the palliative job of endobronchial brachytherapy, ongoing examination of 13 clinical preliminaries presumed that outside radiotherapy is better endobronchial brachytherapy and brachytherapy included than outer radiation has no points of interest over outside radiotherapy alone [33]. Up until this point, not exhibited a favorable position of attending radio chemotherapy to consecutive organization for side effects whitewashing in patients with lung malignancy [34,35,36,37]. First projects of aspiratory recovery have been created in The United States of America in the 1970’s .Since at that point, a few experts attempted to characterize better the term of â€Å"pulmonary restoration â€Å": ‘’Pulmonary restoration is a multi-dimensional continuum of administrations coordinated to people with aspiratory malady and their families, normally by an interdisciplinary group of experts, with the objective of accomplishing and keeping up the people most extreme degree of freedom and working inside the community’’(1) Aspiratory recovery might be characterized as a specialty of clinical practice wherein an exclusively custom fitted, multidisciplinary program is planned which through precise determination, treatment, passionate help, and instruction, settles or turns around both the physio and psychopathology of pneumonic illnesses and endeavors to restore the patients to the most elevated conceivable utilitarian limit permitted by his aspiratory impediment and generally speaking life situation.(2) The definition given by the American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP), the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation (AACVPR), the American Thoracic Society (ATS) and European Respiratory Society (ERS) â€Å" a proof based, multi-disciplinary, and thorough intercession for patients with constant respiratory illnesses who are suggestive and regularly have diminished day by day life exercises. Coordinated into the individualized treatment of the patient, aspiratory recovery is intended to lessen indications, streamline useful status, increment investment, and decrease medicinal services costs through settling or switching foundational signs of the disease.†(3) The latest definition Pulmonary recovery is an exhaustive mediation dependent on an intensive patient evaluation followed by tolerant customized treatments which incorporate, yet are not constrained to, practice preparing, instruction, and conduct change, intended to improve the physical and mental state of individuals with ceaseless respiratory infection and to advance the drawn out adherence to wellbeing upgrading behaviors.(4) To see better the significance of these recovery programs, here are a few explanations of certain patients with pneumonic illnesses: - â€Å"It can be incredibly upsetting in light of the fact that I can’t discover the breath of life that we as a whole need.â€Å" - â€Å"My legs hurt, my shoulders throbbed, my arms hurt .I couldn’t proceed with my interests. I lost expectation totally. I truly needed to die.† - â€Å" This is discouraging ; this makes me very anxious!â€Å" After some time pneumonic recovery has been a significant part in the administration of COPD and of other constant lung maladies. Recovery in lung malignancy has not been concentrated so broadly as the restoration in COPD however the outcomes from different examinations show plainly the significance of pre and post medical procedure restoration. Patients who had or need to experience a lung malignant growth medical procedure may have windedness, torment, weariness, tension, poor state of being and low personal satisfaction

Reasons Why Your Spouse Wont Listen to You

Reasons Why Your Spouse Won't Listen to You Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems Print Why Your Spouse Doesnt Listen By Sheri Stritof Sheri Stritof has written about marriage and relationships for 20 years. Shes the co-author of The Everything Great Marriage Book. Learn about our editorial policy Sheri Stritof Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Carly Snyder, MD on January 28, 2020 facebook twitter linkedin Carly Snyder, MD is a reproductive and perinatal psychiatrist who combines traditional psychiatry with integrative medicine-based treatments.   Learn about our Medical Review Board Carly Snyder, MD on January 28, 2020 Vincent Besnault/Digital Vision/Getty Images More in Relationships Spouses & Partners Marital Problems LGBTQ Violence and Abuse When one or both of you are not listening to one another, you have a problem in your marriage. If the lack of listening continues, it could be a sign that your marriage is in jeopardy. Possible Reasons Why Your Spouse Doesnt Listen to You The listening problem in your marriage could be related to issues that your spouse has, your method of delivery, or a combination of both. Your Method of Delivery You may be taking too long to say what you want to say. Long-winded monologs are boring. Get to the point.You may monopolize conversations with your spouse. Give your spouse a chance to talk.If you have a history of saying things that are hurtful, insulting, intimidating, dismissive, or disrespectful of your spouses beliefs and feelings, your spouse will be protective and defensive by not listening to you. Dont say these things!If there is a pattern of manipulation in what you say to your spouse, your spouse will tune you out. Stop being manipulative. Say what you mean.If your talking style is one of preaching, lecturing, or questioning, your spouse may prefer to not hear your lectures or questions. Stop being the professor or attorney in your marriage.You may use too many generalities in your statements. Comments that use words like always, never, and constantly can cause a spouse to tune out the entire conversation. Eliminate these words from your vocabulary.Your timing could be of f. Your spouse probably wont listen when tired, preoccupied with other thoughts, involved with a project, watching television, or working on the computer. Tell your spouse you want to talk and ask if it is a good time. If your spouse says no, dont get pouty.Any conversations about topics or issues that have been discussed at length previously will cause a spouse to tune out. Dont keep bringing up old issues or topics.Your spouse may have grown tired of continued conversations where you complain, whine, or speak negatively. Be more positive.Perhaps you dont listen to your spouse. Exam how you listen when your spouse is discussing an important topic with you. Why Sharing Feelings With Your Spouse Is Worth the Emotional Risk Your Spouses Own Personal Issues Your spouse may not be interested in the subject you are talking about. Ask if this is something your spouse wants to talk about.Your spouse may be afraid of intimacy.Your spouse may disagree with what you are saying and isnt open to hearing your side of an issue.Your spouse may have listened as much as possible that particular day and is in information overload. Dont push for more.If you are giving your spouse advice or information, your spouse may believe that he/she already knows the answer or how to do something.Your spouse may have the habit of racing ahead of what you are saying by thinking of how to respond.Your spouse could judge that what you have to say isnt important.Your spouse may believe that ignoring what you say will make the issue or situation go away.Your spouse may not want to hear what you have to say.Your spouse may only be using half a brain to listen. Researchers in the United States have found that men only listen with half their brain, while women use both si des ... he [Dr. Joseph T. Lurito] suggested women were not necessarily better listeners. He said women may need to use more of their brain to listen to conversations, but said it could show women could listen to two conversations at once.??Your spouse may feel intimidated and not comfortable expressing his/her opposing view, so tuning out is an easier option. Allow your spouse to disagree with you.Your spouse may have a short attention span. According to Carla Rieger, the attention span of an average adult is only 7 seconds. You need to pause now and then as you speak. Allow your spouse to ask questions to clarify what you are saying.Your spouse may have too many distractions at the time of your conversation. If having total attention to what you are saying is important to you, turn off cell phones, etc.Your spouse may not want to listen to avoid conflict.Your spouse may have heard what you said, but believes differently or doesnt want to do what you asked, and it is easier to be pe rceived as not listening than to say no. Getting Your Spouse to Hear What You Are Saying

The Important Role of Mathematicians in Society Essay

The Important Role of Mathematicians in Society Thesis Statement This report will focus on the professional field of mathematicians. It will highlight some of the history, responsibilities, opportunities, and requirements of this occupation. Outline I.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Introduction A.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A condensed history of mathematics B.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Famous mathematicians and their accomplishments II.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Body A.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Opportunities for mathematicians B.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Education and training C.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Requirements D.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Earnings III.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Conclusion†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 1599A.D.) are John Napier, Ludolf van Ceulen, Robert Recorde, and Simon Stevin. Leon Alberti wrote a revolutionary book, it described a method of achieving a more logical perspective in a mathematical manner. His book was a forerunner of projective geometry. In the 1500s many great astronomers such as Galileo, Copernicus, and Kepler showed that mathematics could be used to analyze the movements of the heavens. This discovery helped to make several breakthroughs in the following period. Within the time Shakespeare began writing his first play, and the pilgrims landed in the new Plymouth Colony, the Century of Enlightenment (1600A.D.-1699A.D.) was dawning. It is during this period that Rene Descartes and Pierre de Fermat discovered how to solve geometric problems with algebra. This discovery gave birth to analytic geometry. Fermats other accomplishments also include the development of a theory on prime numbers. This theory and other theories helped to generate the probability theory. Late in the 17th century, Gottfried Leibnez was hard at work on the development of differential and integral calculus He published his work in 1684. Isaac Newton independently made the same discovery. However, he did not publish his findings until a later date. This is what started the biggest mathematical battle of this period. It was later provenShow MoreRelatedCharacter Analysis Of Hidden Figures By Margot Lee Shetterly979 Words   |  4 PagesShetterly was a fascinating book filled with many details summarizing what had initially happened in early American Society from as early as 1942. In addition, It helped inform us with detail based upon issues at that time such as: racial segregation, feminism as well as equality. In this book we go into depth mainly on trial equality and what life was like back then in comparison to todays society where there isn’t much racial tension as much as there was before. Margot Lee Shetterly in the book hiddenRead MoreEssay on Biography on Felix Christian Klien1303 Words   |  6 PagesChristian Klein was born on April 25, 1849 (O’Conner and Robertson). Felix Klein was born in Dà ¼sseldorf, Prussia, which is now present day Germany. Also, known as Felix Klein, he was a mathematician known for his research in non-Euclidean geometry, group theory, and function theory (Felix Klein German Mathematician). Felix Klein’s father was part of the Prussian government. His father was secretary to the head of the government. After Felix Klein graduated from the gymnasium in Dà ¼sseldorf, he wentRead MoreWilliam Dunham s Journey Through Genius1432 Words   |  6 Pagesbegins this chapter by depicting how mathematics was spurred and developed in early civilizations. Dunham focuses primarily on the works’ and achievements’ of early Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Greece in this section. These ancient societies, as they developed, produced mathematicians such as; Thales, Pythagoras, and Hippocrates, who turned a basic human intuition for space and quantity into applicable everyday mathematics. 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Business - 1713 Words

QUESTION: What evidence is there to prove that the Africans, who arrived in the British West Indies between the years 1655 and 1807, were ill-treated? THEME: Caribbean Economy and Slavery OBJECTIVES: â™ £To examine the horrors of British West Indian Slavery â™ £To assess the conditions that slaves worked under in British plantation slavery â™ £To discuss the reason slavery was fought against by humanitarian groups â™ £To investigate why slavery was overly detested by slaves â™ £To see how British West Indian planters abused slaves to the point where they were treated like animals RATIONALE: Slavery was an interesting period in British West Indian History. It was comprised of various sectors aimed at one goal, which was to make a†¦show more content†¦On the other hand slaves legally could be whipped, starved, tortured, mutilated, or branded. The British took so many of the slaves’ freewill that the slaves could be forced to have children or to work eighteen hours a day. Slaves could be abused or murdered or sold at any time since they were regarded as a piece of property. In spite of the strict laws and punishments, slaves did rebel against this treatment. From the 1500s to the 1800s, there were more than 250 known slave revolts. The word â€Å"chattel† used to describe the slaves is derived from the Latin word â€Å"capitale† which means â€Å"property†. The slaves were like objects and were treated like objects. A scenario that could be related to the slave to master relationship is a man owning a chair. That man can destroy his ch air as much as he wants because the chair is his. The Codes stated clearly that all slaves were under supreme rule of GOD followed by the King and their masters and his household. PUNISHMENTS Whenever slaves were accused of doing wrong they were punished either immediately or after their court hearing. In the courts, a slave accused of any crime against a white person was doomed. No testimony could be made by a slave against a white person. Therefore, the slaves side of the story could never be told in a court of law. And of course, slaves were never members of juries as well. The punishment varied on the type of charge and the zone where they resided (rural orShow MoreRelatedBusiness Analysis : Business And Business2361 Words   |  10 PagesEach business has products or services they want to sell to consumers, whether this is the man on the street or a multi-nation organisation, the difference in which person they targets will depend on what the product or service the organisation is offering Business to Business Business to business markets is, for example where to company engage in a transaction of a product or service, this could be a waste management company removing waste from a warehouse that produce a vast amount of waste. 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Boeing Learns Free Essays

Boeing Learns From 787 Mistakes: Using Technology to Create Supply Chain Success Introduction The Boeing Company is one of the largest Aerospace and Defense enterprises in the world. Presently headquartered in Chicago, Illinois; they have contributed to some of the largest breakthroughs in aviation technology † breakthroughs that greatly enhance the lives of the world’s people. Boeing began as a small startup in 1916; but by the Korean War, defense efforts had grown Boeing to one of only 23 companies with $1 Billion in annual revenue. We will write a custom essay sample on Boeing Learns or any similar topic only for you Order Now Boeing parlayed this growth into being ne of the premier designers and manufacturers of commercial aircraft. Designs such as the 707, 737, and 747 cemented their role as the leader in the industry until 2003 when Airbus first surpassed Boeing in annual sales and order backlog. (Nolan 2012) CEO Phil Condit saw Airbus making progress well prior to 2003, however. In 1996 Condit determined that the Boeing Company needed to be refocused in order to compete with the European conglomerate. Airbus had an advantage in innovation and manufacturing because it used collaboration amongst many suppliers to roduce quality aircraft in the most cost effective way possible. In order to continue in its global leadership position, Condit set Boeing along a path to leverage their core competencies, â€Å"with detailed customer knowledge and focus on operating lean and efficient systems. † This plan would be called the â€Å"2016 Strategy’ and it would see Boeing change its relationship with suppliers from third-party contract-based to close, strategic partners. Nolan 2012) In future designs, Boeing would rely on these partners to not only build, but also design subcomponents for aircraft. Boeing knew hat it must have a way of coordinating the design process among all suppliers, which cleared the way for a powerful Enterprise Resource Management (ERP) tool. Boeing selected Exostar’s Supply Chain Management Solution to coordinate the design and supply chain for t he first project under the 2016 Strategy, the 787. (PRNewswire 2013) The 787 was conceived as a revolutionary design that would be a replacement for the aging 767, cost about the same, but be 2 more tuel efficient. It would accomplish this by utilizing a construction of 50% composite – something never before attempted in the commercial aviation arena. In summary, Boeing was endeavoring to build a brand new clean-sheet aircraft from materials never used, using methods never attempted, and using a supply chain more far reaching than ever experienced by the plane maker. In retrospect, it may be easy to see why the 787 has had so many problems. The problems are so large that Forbes was prompted to publish an article titled, â€Å"What Went Wrong at Boeing. (Denning 2013) Boeing has worked through most of its supply chain woes and has delivered over 60 787s to date. Boeing is now designing a next generation version of its supremely popular 777, the 777-8/9. Boeings desire to reduce costs and production time by relying risk-taking suppliers to design and produce major aircraft components has led to many failures and cost overruns in the 787 program. In order for Boeing to avoid the pitfalls o f the 787 program, Boeing must take the lessons of the past in concert with good technology to ensure good management of the new 777 supply chain. Literature Review Boeing’s move toward a supply chain that relied on utilizing risk-taking suppliers for the 787 was meant to reduce the design timeframe and shorten the production cycle, owever it actually placed the future competitive ability of Boeing in peril. The present paper specifically focuses on the practice of outsourcing design of the aircraft to the aforementioned suppliers and how improper oversight of the process led to delay, cost overruns, and the loss of intellectual property. The literature reviewed during this investigation is both peer-reviewed and Journalistic in nature. The following review is presented in a logical flow to show why Boeing chose this new strategy, some select major problems that occurred, and finally the actions that were taken to rectify those problems. Christopher S. Tang and Joshua D. Zimmerman (2009) begin their Journal article, Managing New Product Development and Supply Chain Risks: The Boeing 787 Case, by laying out the drivers for the 787 design strategy. In the 1990s, Boeing had decided that it must offer more customer value to compete with EADS’ Airbus in the commercial aircraft industry. Ultimately, Boeing settled on designing a new mid-size, wide body Jet that would offer a superior passenger experience and burn 20% less fuel. To bring the Jet to market faster and cheaper, Boeing wanted to move away from its role as a manufacturer and become ore of a systems integrator. Tang, et al. say this strategy intended to save $4 billion in development cost and shave 2 years off the design period. (Tang, Zimmerman, ; Nelson, 2009) Boeing refers to these risk-sharing partners as â€Å"Global Supply Partners† (6SP). During an interview with World Trade; Steven Schaffer, then vice president of Boeing Commercial Airplanes’ Global Partners, said the name change â€Å"reflect[ed] a deeper business relationship. † (Bernstein, 2006) In Chapter 8 of Cases on Supply Chain and Distribution Management: Issues and Principals, the nature of he relationship is further discussed. The suppliers are called â€Å"risk-sharing†, because they invest much of their own money into the success of the final assembled product. In fact, Boeing was able to get $4. billion of the $10 billion design budget from 6SPs around the world. These suppliers nave significant risk since they don’t see any income until the aircraft are delivered. (Garg ; Gupta, 2012) In a seminal ex post analysis of the 787 outsourcing plan, Ehsan Elahi (2012) of the University of Massachusetts Boston asserts that improper monitoring and suboptimal supplier election led to the appearance of many â€Å"hidden costs† a nd that Boeing didn’t have an adequate understanding of the operational risks associated with outsourcing new product development. He concludes that these oversights led to poor stock performance, a drop it Boeings credit rating, and late delivery penalty payments for customers. The research by Elahi in the UMASS paper, along with his contribution to the Chapter in Miti Garg and Sumeet Gupta’s book, lays out a great case for how too much reliance on outside design can lead to a loss of intellectual property. On pages 67-169 of the book, Elahi discusses how these partners were given the opportunity to learn how to build aircraft from composites without Boeing retaining any exclusivity rights. How to cite Boeing Learns, Papers

Using Your Resume on the AMCAS Essay

Sometimes, advice with the very best of intentions can mislead you. Such is the case when it comes to AMCAS essays. Almost all candidates for medical school have received this advice:Your AMCAS statement should not be a text version of your resume.Well, of course not. But this advice is widely misunderstood, apart from the fact that the order of presentation that appears on your resume may actually be the ideal order of presentation for your essay. But we will get to that in a moment.Here is the problem with the advice: Many candidates take it very seriously, understanding that it is well-intentioned, and they follow it much too zealously. Following the advice, they avoid consulting their resume (which has all of the best material about them), thinking mistakenly that they are supposed to present a personal biography that explains why they want to become a doctor and that avoids repeating anything on the resume.No, no, no.Of course you do not want to present a written text in which y ou have transcribed, with the use of a few verbs and prepositions, the bullet items on your resume. That is not what I am talking about. The point is that for many candidates, possibly for you, your resume is your answer!What three achievements on your resume best depict you as an aspiring doctor? Could you write a paragraph about each one? There’s the core of your essay (less the intro and conclusion).Apart from this misunderstanding – that one must avoid one’s resume when writing the essay – there is another misunderstanding which your resume can help you sidestep as well. Many candidates believe that they are obliged to identify a point in time when they decided to become a doctor.No, no, no.Even if in your case there was, in fact, such a moment, don’t go there. Please. Such a reference can lose your reader because it will come across as a clichà ©. That said, it is true that identifying a specific moment in time can â€Å"ground† an ess ay and help you build rhetorical momentum. A better approach is to identify a moment in time that has â€Å"reaffirmed† your commitment to this path. And the perfect place to find such a reference is in your resume. It’s often at the top of the resume, but because some candidates think they’re not supposed to refer to the resume, they will avoid this (optimal) material. Do not make this mistake!If nothing else, your resume can provide an order of presentation that is almost sure to be more favorable to you than a chronological order of presentation – another big problem with AMCAS essays. The biggest problem with most of the AMCAS essays I see is that the first page is devoted entirely to ancient history (â€Å"I knew I wanted to be a doctor when I saw the great care that my grandmother received in her struggle with cancer twelve years ago† etc.). Again, even if this is true, you have to avoid this kind of framework for your essay, because this has become a clichà ©. This is why you are walking such a tightrope. In an earnest effort to be honest with your reader, you can get into terrible trouble.Take another look at your resume, especially if you have not glanced at it lately and are about to start your AMCAS essay. It will give you some great ideas.YOUR EDITOR’S ROLEYour editor’s role, apart from providing perfect English, is to help you identify and develop the material that can sell you to the reader. It is probably right in front of you, and you may not even be able to see it. Your editor can help you find it. Your editor is actually your marketing consultant.Even more importantly, your editor can help you know when to provide details and when not to. The AMCAS essay is especially tricky because some programs use individual readers and some use reader teams, and the resume is not always available to readers. So providing just the right amount of detail in the essay can go a long way toward making it work.